The radiating gemstone of the grand tapestry of Indian festivals is Diwali—the celebration of the triumph of goodness with light triumphing darkness. However, a day prior to the main function, we observe a festive event called Naraka Chaturdashi which is also known as Choti Diwali.
The Legend of Naraka Chaturdashi
Naraka chaturdashi is a story that dates back to mythology and happens on the fourteenth dark fortnight in Kartika month in hindus. The story of Naraka Chaturdasi is taken from the ancient texts which revolve around a demon called Narakasura.
He was a dreadful ruler who forced people to endure pain and sorrow because he was the son of Bhudevi the earth goddess and Varaha the demon king. He was merciless in his crimes, and heaven wept. The celestial beings could not withstand Narakasura’s evil and they asked for help from lord Krishna.
After this encounter, there ensued a turbulent fight in which Narakasura faced Lord Krishna. However, Narakasura fought hard but lost at last. Lord Krishna set all the 16 thousand princesses free as a symbol of his victory over Narakasura’s prison.
The release of the princes symbolizes the victory of truth over evil and marks the day which celebrates light triumphing over darkness, known as Narakashtami.
Traditions and Celebrations:
Naraka Chaturdashi, or Choti Diwali, blends ritual and revelry through these customs:
Abhyang Snan: An oil bath is done in the morning and cleanses the body from inside, removing all impurities.
Rangoli and Decorations: Colorful rangolies decorate homes thereby welcoming guests.
Illumination: By their burning oil lamps and diyas, they show that evil has been overcome by light.
Temple Visits: They offer their prayers and invoke sacred words seeking Lord Krishna’s blessings.
Symbolic Gesture: The bitter fruits or vegetables are broken which indicates victory over Narakasura’s cruelty.
Feasting: Feasts which are elaborately organized foster familial and communal bonds.
Naraka Chaturdashi holds profound significance, carrying both cultural and spiritual meaning:
The Triumph of Good over Evil:
The central theme of Naraka Chaturdashi is the victory of good over evil. The defeat of the demon Narakasura by Lord Krishna symbolises the power of righteousness in overcoming tyranny.
The Abhyang Snan and the custom of breaking bitter fruits signify the cleansing of impurities, both physical and spiritual, and the removal of negative influences from one’s life.
The lighting of lamps and the bursting of firecrackers are emblematic of the celebration of light, dispelling the darkness of ignorance and negativity.
Naraka Chaturdashi is a day that brings communities and families together. The rituals, feasting, and celebrations strengthen the bonds of unity and harmony.
As Choti Diwali precedes the grand festival of Diwali, it serves as a precursor, ushering in the sense of hope and positivity for the days to come.
Choti Diwali Around India
Naraka Chaturdashi is celebrated with variations across different regions of India:
In North India: Homes are illuminated with rows of oil lamps, and fireworks light up the night sky. Traditional sweets and dishes, such as malpua and kheer, are prepared.
In South India: The day is observed as “Naraka Chaturdashi” or “Roop Chaturdashi.” Oil baths, rangoli, and the lighting of lamps are integral to the celebrations.
In West Bengal: Bengal celebrates Naraka Chaturdashi as “Kali Chaudas,” dedicated to Goddess Kali. Devotees offer prayers to Goddess Kali and engage in cultural performances.
In Maharashtra: Observed as “Roop Chaturdashi” and “Vasu Baras.” The day is dedicated to the worship of cows and calves, and farmers perform rituals to seek blessings for their cattle.
In Karnataka: The day is known as “Naraka Chaturdashi” and is celebrated with great enthusiasm. Oil baths, bursting firecrackers, and feasting are common practices.
Naraka Chaturdashi, a vibrant prelude to Diwali, symbolises victory, hope, and light prevailing over darkness. Families gather, lamps are lit, and prayers are offered, fostering unity and renewal. Choti Diwali inspires inner transformation and the triumph of light. May it illuminate your path towards goodness and unity